The immediate inspiration for the Organization’s establishment owes to the celebrated landmark African Court case of Ally Rajabu and Others Versus the United Republic of Tanzania of 2015. Brief facts of the case are that; the Applicants alleged that the provision under section 197 in the Penal Code of Tanzania for the mandatory imposition of the death penalty in cases of murder and the imposition of that penalty by Tanzanian domestic courts constituted a violation of their right to life guaranteed by African Charter. They further alleged that their execution by hanging violates their right to dignity. The efforts of the team of lawyers led by a lawyer who is now the founder of PALEI successfully defended the Applicants. The African Court found that the mandatory provision and imposition of the death sentence under Tanzanian Penal Code does not uphold fairness, due process as and constitutes an arbitrary deprivation of the right to life guaranteed under the African Charter. The Court therefore made an order, among others, that Tanzania undertakes measures to repeal from its Penal Code, the provision for the mandatory imposition of the death penalty in cases of murder. However, the efforts of the said lawyers to have the court judgment implemented proved futile. PALEI was therefore formed to enhance these efforts. While reform of the Tanzanian Penal Code remains the foundation for PALEI’s establishment, the organisation advocates for reform of laws generally. The organisation undertakes constant review of various pieces of law depending on the subject area of priority with the view of suggesting for reforms.